[7] As such, it is one of the largest peninsulas in the world and the only one to have the status as a full continent, largely as a matter of convention rather than science. The Scandinavian Peninsula, along with the islands, encompasses present-day Sweden, Norway, and the northwestern area of Finland. In 1832, the Treaty of Payne's Landing promised to the Seminoles lands west of the Mississippi River if they agreed to leave Florida. There were 2.7 million Medicaid patients in Florida in 2009. [130] The largest deposits of rock phosphate in the country are found in Florida. [42] The British government gave land grants to officers and soldiers who had fought in the French and Indian War in order to encourage settlement. Citrus greening disease is incurable. In 2013, Florida refused to participate in providing coverage for the uninsured under the Affordable Care Act, popularly called Obamacare. It is the first recorded Christian marriage in the continental United States. [citation needed] Florida mangrove plant communities covered an estimated 430,000 to 540,000 acres (1,700 to 2,200 km2) in Florida in 1981. Numerous other railroads were built all over the interior of the state. [224][225] If a person commits a predicate felony, but was not the direct contributor to the death of the victim then the person will be charged with murder in the second degree. On the east coast of the state, mangroves have normally dominated the coast from Cocoa Beach southward; salt marshes from St. Augustine northward. [114] The park contains a lot of tropical vegetation, marine life, and seabirds. It approved slot machines in Broward and Miami-Dade County in 2004. Throughout MLB history, other teams have held spring training in Florida. The coldest temperature was −2 °F (−19 °C), on February 13, 1899, just 25 miles (40 km) away, in Tallahassee. Major ports in Florida include Port Tampa Bay in Tampa, Port Everglades in Fort Lauderdale, Port of Jacksonville in Jacksonville, PortMiami in Miami, Port Canaveral in Brevard County, Port Manatee in Manatee County, and Port of Palm Beach in Riviera Beach. [6] In English, the plural of peninsula is peninsulas or, less commonly, peninsulae. It denotes the region containing the countries of Somalia, Eritrea, Djibouti and Ethiopia. Andrew is currently the second costliest hurricane in Florida's history.[99]. The state has a program for those not covered by Medicaid. [277], Florida is the leading state for sales of powerboats. [249], The poverty rate in Florida in 2018 was 14%, down from a peak of 17.1% in 2012. Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state. [109] This is the third-most diverse state in the union, behind California and Texas, both larger states. [126] The Atlantic beaches that are vital to the state's economy are being washed out to sea due to rising sea levels caused by climate change. The environmental impact of agriculture, especially water pollution, is a major issue in Florida today. [119], Red tide has been an issue on the southwest coast of Florida, as well as other areas. [195] Since the 1970s, conservative white voters in the state have largely shifted from the Democratic to the Republican Party. Florida was the principal location of the Seminole Wars (1816 – 1858), the longest and most extensive of Indian Wars in United States history. Florida imported US$75.4 billion worth of goods globally in 2017. [245], Florida's constitution establishes a state minimum wage, which is adjusted annually for inflation. Florida's primary interstate routes include: Florida has 131 public airports. Florida has teams in all five American major league sports. a peninsula in southeastern North America, in the USA. Since the development of the federal NASA Merritt Island launch sites on Cape Canaveral (most notably Kennedy Space Center) in 1962, Florida has developed a sizable aerospace industry. It has disapproved casinos (outside of sovereign Seminole and Miccosukee tribal areas) three times: 1978, 1986, and 1994.[228]. [188][189], The most common languages spoken in Florida as a first language in 2010 are:[188], Florida is mostly Christian, although there is a large irreligious and relatively significant Jewish community. [305] In 1830, the U.S. Congress passed the Indian Removal Act and as settlement increased, pressure grew on the U.S. government to remove the Indians from Florida. In 2011–12, enrollment consisted of more than 875,000 students. The world's top three busiest cruise ports are found in Florida with PortMiami as the busiest and Port Canaveral and Port Everglades as the second and third busiest. [226][227], Florida approved its lottery by amending the constitution in 1984. Floridians consumed 21 million gallons of gasoline daily in 2011, ranking it third in national use behind California and Texas. The population exceeded 19.7 million by December 2014, surpassing the population of the state of New York for the first time, making Florida the third most populous state. Before the construction of routes under the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956, Florida began construction of a long cross-state toll road, Florida's Turnpike. [291], Florida has the largest collection of Art Deco and Streamline Moderne buildings, both in the United States and in the entire world, most of which are located in the Miami metropolitan area, especially Miami Beach's Art Deco District, constructed as the city was becoming a resort destination. It particularly makes changes in South Florida. The first European contact was made in 1513 by Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León, who called it la Florida ([la floˈɾiða] "the land of flowers") upon landing there. [236] In output, the five largest sectors are: finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing, followed by professional and business services; government and government enterprises; educational services, health care, and social assistance; and retail trade. [201], The fast-growing I-4 corridor area, which runs through Central Florida and connects the cities of Daytona Beach, Orlando, and Tampa/St. These have become known as the Fair District Amendments. [36][37], In 1763, Spain traded Florida to the Kingdom of Great Britain for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. The center of population has moved less than 5 miles (8 km) to the east and approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) to the north between 1980 and 2010 and has been located in Polk County since the 1960 census. In the 1960s, many refugees from Cuba fleeing Fidel Castro's communist regime arrived in Miami at the Freedom Tower, where the federal government used the facility to process, document and provide medical and dental services for the newcomers. Now the flamingos are reproducing toward making a comeback to South Florida since it is adamantly considered native to the state and also are now being protected. Lakes and swamps abound. The legislature enacts bills, which, if signed by the governor, become law. On January 10, 1861, nearly all delegates in the Florida Legislature approved an ordinance of secession,[58][59] declaring Florida to be "a sovereign and independent nation"—an apparent reassertion to the preamble in Florida's Constitution of 1838, in which Florida agreed with Congress to be a "Free and Independent State." Their ruling affirmed the map previously approved by Leon County Judge Terry Lewis, who had overseen the original trial. The majority of the symbols were chosen after 1950; only the two oldest symbols—the state flower (chosen in 1909), and the state bird (chosen in 1927), and the state nickname (chosen in 1970)—are not listed in the 2010 Florida Statutes. White band disease has also adversely affected corals on the Florida Reef.[128]. [250], In the early 20th century, land speculators discovered Florida, and businessmen such as Henry Plant and Henry Flagler developed railroad systems, which led people to move in, drawn by the weather and local economies. Spanning two time zones, it extends to the northwest into a panhandle, extending along the northern Gulf of Mexico. The Florida Reef extends into other parks and sanctuaries as well including Dry Tortugas National Park, Biscayne National Park, and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Fennoscandia or the Fennoscandian Peninsula is the geographical peninsula comprising the Scandinavian Peninsula, Finland, Karelia, and the Kola Peninsula (Russia). or spit. In 2006, 67% of all citrus, 74% of oranges, 58% of tangerines, and 54% of grapefruit were grown in Florida. This compares with an average of $34,800 nationally for in-state students. After meetings beginning in June, rebels overcame the garrison at Baton Rouge (now in Louisiana), and unfurled the flag of the new republic: a single white star on a blue field. User Login. This personal income ranked 4th in the United States. In 2004, they had a combined total of 95.7% of the state's domestic product.[241]. Its surface is a flat plain (elevations to 99 m), composed mainly of Paleogenic and Neogenic limestones; karst is well developed. A few hundred Seminole remained in Florida in the Everglades. The average sales price for an existing house was $131,000, 7% decrease from the prior year. During the last glacial period, lower sea levels and a drier climate revealed a much wider peninsula, largely savanna. [198] In 1968, Edward J. Gurney, also a white conservative, was elected as the state's first post-reconstruction Republican US senator. In 2010, more than 63% of state voters approved the initiated Amendments 5 and 6 to the state constitution, to ensure more fairness in districting. Though the majority of registered voters in Florida are Democrats,[196] it continued to support Republican presidential candidates through 2004, except in 1976 and 1996, when the Democratic nominee was from "the South". The region became a haven for escaped slaves and a base for Indian attacks against U.S. territories, and the U.S. pressed Spain for reform. Major college football programs include the Florida State Seminoles and Miami Hurricanes of the Atlantic Coast Conference, and the Florida Gators of the Southeastern Conference. The water boundary is 3 nautical miles (3.5 mi; 5.6 km) offshore in the Atlantic Ocean[72] and 9 nautical miles (10 mi; 17 km) offshore in the Gulf of Mexico. It is a designated Outstanding Florida Waters. [17], The climate of Florida is tempered somewhat by the fact that no part of the state is distant from the ocean. Protestants account for almost half of the population, but the Catholic Church is the largest single denomination in the state mainly due to its large Hispanic population and other groups like Haitians. Management is the responsibility of a Superintendent of schools. This was the sixth highest percentage of any U.S. Coconut palms are cultivated north of south Florida to roughly Cocoa Beach on the East Coast and the Tampa Bay Area on the West Coast.[111]. [79][80], Due to its subtropical and tropical climate, Florida rarely receives measurable snowfall. It was notable as one of the largest recent sinkholes to form in the United States. [112] It is also the third largest coral barrier reef system in the world, after the Great Barrier Reef and the Belize Barrier Reef. Only two metropolitan areas showed a decrease in homes sold: Panama City and Brevard County. The Spanish encouraged slaves from the southern British colonies to come to Florida as a refuge, promising freedom in exchange for conversion to Catholicism. The only two sentences available for that statute are life imprisonment and the death penalty. Florida remained a Loyalist stronghold for the duration of the American Revolution.

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