In 2007, the bonnethead shark was found to be capable of asexual reproduction via automictic parthenogenesis, in which a female's ovum fuses with a polar body to form a zygote without the need for a male. This practice, known as finning, is lethal to the shark. It is found in temperate and tropical waters, and according to Clarke et al. Elektronische publicatie. They are also known to form schools during the day, sometimes in groups of over 100. De mond zit aan de onderkant van de kop. Their unique heads are used as a weapon when hunting down prey. Hij voedt zich met macrofauna en jaagt ook op vis. Shark Research Institute PO Box 40, Princeton, NJ 08542, USATelephone: 609.921.3522 Fax: 609.921.1505 Email: info@sharks.org. The developing embryos are at first sustained by a yolk sac. Images of the original description (synonym), Synonyms / new combinations and misspellings, Cestracion subarcuatus, Cestracion zygaena, Sphyrna aff. Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals. Sphyrna zygaena is a large-bodied and highly mobile hammerhead shark with active and strong swimming capacities. Phylum Chordata: lancelets, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals. As the winghead shark has proportionately the largest "hammer" of the hammerhead sharks, this suggests that the first ancestral hammerhead sharks also had large hammers. Sphyrna zygaena is a large-bodied and highly mobile hammerhead shark with active and strong swimming capacities. 1: 824 pp. Bovendien komt de gladde hamerhaai voor in de Middellandse Zee. These sharks include great white sharks, tiger sharks, and bull sharks. Leim, A.H. and W.B. Smithsonian Institution Press. 1-748. The longevity is uncertain but the species has been aged to at least 18 years for males and 21 years for females (Coelho et al., 2011). The petition attracted 35,000 signatures in two weeks. TEETHVery broad cusps and smooth to weakly serrated edges. This was the first shark known to do this. 105819  ; Schwarzhans, W.W.; Tennyson, A.J.D. The smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena) is listed by the IUCN on its Red List of Threatened Species as Vulnerable as its population worldwide may drastically decline unless efforts are put in place to secure its survival. Smooth-hammerhead shark (Sphyrna zygaena) 1 (this report) mouths. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp. Smooth Hammerhead, Sphyrna zygaena (Linnaeus 1758) More Info. ; Roberts, C.D. Reducing bycatch mortality for hammerhead sharks is hampered by the high mortality rates for these sharks after being caught in fishing gears. De soort heeft op de Rode Lijst van de IUCN de status "Vulnerable" (Kwetsbaar). (2012) found an at vessel mortality of 71% in longline fisheries, and post-release mortality would increase this number further. ; Rust, S.; Macadie, I. The positioning of the eyes, mounted on the sides of the shark's distinctive hammer head, gives the shark good 360° vision in the vertical plane, meaning they can see above and below them at all times. AFCD., van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S. (+49 228) 815 2401, Fax. (2001). [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Sphyrna zygaena: Smooth hammerhead Vulnerable Relationship with humans Edit. De gladde hamerhaai is voor de visserij van aanzienlijk commercieel belang. ; Stewart, A.L. HABITATThe shark prefers continental and insular shelves, from close inshore to well offshore in waters 0 to 95.6 ft [0 to 20 m] deep, and sometimes deeper. National Geographic explains that hammerheads can be found in warm tropical waters, but during the summer, hammerheads participate in a mass migration to search for cooler waters. Reproduction occurs only once a year for hammerhead sharks, and usually occurs with the male shark biting the female shark violently until she agrees to mate with him. Het dieet van de vis bestaat hoofdzakelijk uit dierlijk voedsel. The theory has been advanced that the hammer-like shape of the head may have evolved (at least in part) to enhance the animal's vision. The known species range from 0.9 to 6.0 m (3.0 to 19.7 ft) in length and weigh from 3 to 580 kg (6.6 to 1,278.7 lb). Tel. Of the nine known species of hammerhead, only three are known to be particularly dangerous to humans: the scalloped, great, and smooth hammerheads. English: smooth hammerhead, common hammerhead, common smooth hammerhead round-headed hammerhead King, C.M. https://deep-sea-hunter.fandom.com/wiki/Sphyrna_Zygaena?oldid=401. The hammerheads seem closely related to the carcharhinid sharks that evolved during the mid-Tertiary period. Like other sharks, fertilization is internal, with the male transferring sperm to the female through one of two intromittent organs called claspers. Many Hawaiian families believe that they have an aumakua watching over them and protecting them from the niuhi. SIZEAt birth, the shark is 1.6 to 2 ft [50 to 61 cm] in length. De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie. The majority of catches are from longline and gillnet fisheries, with sporadic catches reported in purse seine fisheries. WHAT TO LOOK FORA large hammerhead without a notch at the center of its curved head. Great hammerheads have been kept in captivity at several facilities, including Atlantis Paradise Island Resort (Bahamas), Adventure Aquarium (New Jersey), Georgia Aquarium (Atlanta), Mote Marine Laboratory (Florida), and the shark reef exhibit at Mandalay Bay (Las Vegas). The great and the scalloped hammerheads are listed on the World Conservation Union's (IUCN) 2008 Red List as endangered, whereas the smalleye hammerhead is listed as vulnerable. Usually, a litter cosists of 12 to 15 pups, except for the great hammerhead, which gives birth to litters of 20 to 40 pups. In March 2013, three endangered commercially valuable sharks, the hammerheads, the oceanic whitetip, and porbeagle, were added to Appendix II of CITES, bringing shark fishing and commerce of these species under licensing and regulation. Fish Biol. Sphyrna zygaena (Linnaeus, 1758) Smooth hammerhead Add your observation in Fish Watcher. However, it is evident that a lack of species-specific data collection is hampering management for this species. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. pp. bony fish), elasmobranchs, crustaceans and cephalopod species (Smale and Cliff, 1998; Cortés, 1999). The young swim mostly in shallow waters along shores all over the world to avoid predators. The hammerhead shark, also known as mano kihikihi, is not considered a man-eater or niuhi; it is considered to be one of the most respected sharks of the ocean, an aumakua. Aquarist Dean Trinh has successfully raised scalloped hammerhead pups, which he has claimed were collected by hand from an environment in which they might otherwise face the prospect of starvation. This service is powered by LifeWatch Belgium, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886, http://www.hk-fish.net/eng/database/index.htm, http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/145561.pdf, To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication), To Biodiversity Heritage Library (19 publications), To Biodiversity Heritage Library (2 publications), To Biodiversity Heritage Library (217 publications), To Biodiversity Heritage Library (243 publications), To Biodiversity Heritage Library (3 publications), To Biodiversity Heritage Library (4 publications), To Biodiversity Heritage Library (44 publications), To Biodiversity Heritage Library (9 publications), To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL), To GenBank (154 nucleotides; 189 proteins), To NMNH Extant Collection (Sphyrna zygaena RAD109854-001). A): 1-37. 2005. ; Baker, A.N. Eumetazoa: pictures (20647) According to DNA studies, the ancestor of the hammerheads probably lived in the Miocene epoch about 20 million years ago. ; Porteiro, F.M. Sphyrna (from the Greek word σφυρί "hammer") is a genus of hammerhead sharks with a cosmopolitan distribution in the world's oceans. ; Paulin, C.D. ; Hitchmough, R.A.; Keyes, I.W. Shark fins are prized as a delicacy in certain countries in Asia (such as China), and overfishing is putting many hammerhead sharks at risk of extinction. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Widespread in Australia from the Coral Sea off Innisfail, Queensland, around the south to about Barrow Island, Western Australia; also at Lord Howe Island and Norfolk island in the Tasman Sea. 41(Suppl. The status given to these sharks is as a result of overfishing and demand for their fins, an expensive delicacy. Hammerhead sharks are known to eat a large range of prey including fish, squid, octopus, crustaceans, and other sharks. The hammerhead shark is thought to be the birth animal of some children. Citation: Sphyrna zygaena (LINNAEUS, 1758): In: Database of modern sharks, rays and chimaeras, www.shark-references.com, World Wide Web electronic publication, Version 06/2020 Please send your images of "Sphyrna zygaena" to info@shark-references.com Sphyrna zygaena (Linnaeus, 1758) - Gladde hamerhaai Bronnen, noten en/of referenties ↑ Rafinesque, C.S. Sphyrna zygaena is a large-bodied and highly mobile hammerhead shark with active and strong swimming capacities. Twitter. ; Hiller, N.; McDowall, R.M. 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