[25] The area exported tin, mined in Abbaretz and Piriac, as far as Ireland. [99] The Erdre flows through a slate fault. Students generally come from within the region, and working people are often from Paris. [71] About 20,000 people were left homeless by the 1943 raids, and 70,000 subsequently left the city. [162], Nantes is historically a Catholic city, with a cathedral, two minor basilicas, about 40 churches and around 20 chapels. Further development is also planned on the north bank along an axis linking the train station and the Loire. [40] During the 14th century, Brittany experienced a war of succession which ended with the accession of the House of Montfort to the ducal throne. A cruise (€25pp) lasts almost three hours, the landscape changing from industrial sites to fishing villages, farms and wetlands filled with wildlife, to shipyards and containers at Saint-Nazaire. [125] Nantes Métropole, created in 1999, is administered by a council consisting of the 97 members of the local municipal councils. Harvesting grapes at the muscadet vineyards near Nantes. The new region was called Pays de la Loire ("Loire Countries") although it does not include most of the Loire Valley. [233] Turner also made two sketches of the city, which are in collections at Tate Britain. [175], The city has one of the best-performing economies in France, producing €55 billion annually; €29 billion returns to the local economy. But from 2007, it has been transformed from virtual no-go area into cultural hub – giving the island back to the people and attracting tourists. [98] The end of the ridge, the Butte Sainte-Anne, is a natural landmark 38 metres (125 feet) above sea level; its foothills are at an elevation of 15 metres (49 feet). The artworks will take your breath away: a half-submerged house, a giant sea snake, wild animals climbing trees, a metal tower with a house on top (that can be rented). [164] Although Nantes is where Protestantism was permitted in France through its edict, Protestants have always formed a small minority. Where to stayThe four-star Oceania Hôtel de France Nantes (doubles from €110 room-only) is in a recently renovated 18th-century mansion in the historic centre. Local authorities have commemorated the legacy of the slave trade, promoting dialogue with other cultures. The Gamma category includes cities such as Algiers, Orlando, Porto, Turin and Leipzig. Nantes is also the meeting place of the région and département councils, two elected political bodies. A municipal belfry clock (originally on a tower of Bouffay Castle, a prison demolished after the French Revolution) was added to the church in 1860. [94][95][96], The city is at the confluence of two tributaries. The most spectacular Viking attack in Nantes occurred in 843, when Viking warriors killed the bishop but did not settle in the city at that time. The Fine Art Museum is the city's largest. In the 1960s Nantes was designated as one of the eight provincial counterweights to reduce the dominance of Paris on French national life. Restaurant Ici and Le Petit Boucot are especially good value for a gourmet lunch: both offering two courses for €18, comprising perhaps mackerel with heritage tomato carpaccio and line-fished hake on a bed of creamy aubergine. Nantes is situated at the head of the estuary of the Loire River, where it is joined by the Erdre and the Sèvre rivers, 35 miles (56 km) from the sea and southwest of Paris. [219], Estuaire contemporary-art exhibitions were held along the Loire estuary in 2007, 2009 and 2012.

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